General data

The climate of Bacău county is temperate continental, with many local nuances.
The average annual air temperature varies between 4 – 6°C in the mountainous area in the west and 8-9°C in the east. The rapid changes of atmospheric fronts in transition favor the production of early autumn and late spring fogs, with consequences especially for the cultivation of vegetables and trees.

The extreme temperatures are located, in the winter up to - 29ºC and in the summer up to + 39ºC.
Average annual precipitation exceeds 500-550 mm/sq.m.
Precipitation varies between 500 and 1100 mm/year.
The predominant direction of the winds is from the north and northwest.

(RO) Bacău is a county in the Moldova region of Romania, with the seat in Bacău. The county has an area of ​​6.603 km², and the main watercourses that cross it are Siret, Bistrița, Trotuș, Tazlău, Berheci, Zeletin. The main lakes: Bălătău (natural dam), Belci, Poiana Uzului (water supply), Racova, Gârleni, Şerbănești and Lilieci (hydropower); maximum altitude: Vf. Grindușu (M. Tarcău) 1.664 m, Vf. Nemira 1.648 m, asl. Şandru Mare 1.639 m (M. Nemira). It borders the following counties: to the east with Vaslui county, to the south with Vrancea county, to the west with Covasna and Harghita counties, and to the north with Neamț county.

Brief history

Intersected by roads that crossed the valleys of Siret, Bistrița and Trotuşului, the territory of Bacău County has experienced intense human activity from early on, attested by numerous archaeological discoveries.

In the era of the Roman rule over a part of Dacia, on the territory of Bacău county and beyond, the Carpian world developed its existence, creating an interesting civilization in the II-III centuries. The researches from Măgura, Bărboasa, Cârligi, Sohodol, Săucesti contributed to the knowledge of the history and civilization of the Carpathians, the continuation of the Geto-Dacian history and civilization.

The Carpi are the free Dacians who lived east of the Carpathians. Their connection with the Roman world is proven by ceramics and decorative items of Roman origin and the presence of Roman coins (more than 37% of the total hoards of Roman coins from the II-III centuries discovered in Moldova come from the territory of Bacău county; the largest is the from Magura of 1976 weighing 10 kg, whose coins are issued by Augustus and Septimius Severus).

The descendants of the Geto-Dacians from the era of Burebista and Decebal, of the Daco-Carps from the II-III centuries constituted the basic factor of the historical development in the territory of the county. History proves the continuity of the native population in the following centuries as well as the inclusion of these regions in the area where the Romanian people flourished and developed. The evolution of the maturing process of feudalism, east of the Carpathians, resulted in the appearance of fairs. In a document issued by the chancellery of ruler Alexandru cel Bun on October 6, 1408, the Bacau and Trotuș fairs are mentioned. The foundation of the settlement is even older. On the occasion of some excavations, ceramics from the 1375th-1391th centuries as well as coins minted by Petru Mușat (XNUMX-XNUMX) were discovered in the city of Bacău. Thanks to the privileges granted by the kingdom to foreign merchants, Bacăul developed quickly. In the XNUMXth century, it became an important market for merchants and craftsmen, where customs operations were carried out, there is a judicial authority and execution bodies.

Ancient archaeological elements of Romanian life were found in the valleys of Berheci, Siret and Bistrița, which gradually introduce us to a middle age dominated by the brilliant achievements of the reign of Stefan the Great, the son of this county, born in Borzești in 1436. the well-known legend "Stejarul din Borzești", referring to an episode from Stephen the Great's childhood, is also connected to this locality. The development of feudal society in these lands and the importance of Bacău as a center of urban civilization are attested by historical documents (in the commercial privilege granted by Alexandru the Good on October 6, 1408 to merchants from Lviv), as well as by the buildings with beautiful architecture: the Royal Courts from Bacău, the church from Borzești or the church from Târgu Ocna.

In the 1490th century, the princely residence was built. The son of Stephen the Great, Alexandrel, associate in the reign (1496-1481) of his father, built a royal court (1482-1) and built the "Precista" church (consecrated on January 1491, XNUMX) which still exists today but which from due to wrongly done renovations, it no longer retains the characteristic aspects of that time.

In the first half of the 19th century, the history of the inhabitants of Bacău will organically integrate into the general process of national rebirth, actively participating in the great events, an expression of the end of the process of formation of the Romanian nation. Bacăul was the most important center in Moldova where the movement for union had reached great proportions. After the union, the county develops faster on all levels.

In Solonț in March 1858, the first gas factory started its activity. The village of Valea Arinilor becomes in 1859 the most important oil processing center in Moldova. In Comănești, the exploitation of coal was tried. Before 1864, there were oil, brandy, brick, one beer, one tobacco, one soap and one vegetable oil factories operating in Bacău. In Sascut in 1875 the foundations of the sugar factory were laid. In 1877, the Bacău industry consisted of 6 brick factories, 5 tanneries, a candle factory, and a brandy factory. In the next 2 years, 4 bread factories, 4 terracotta factories, 2 sausage factories and soap factories were added. In 1881 the first paper factory appeared in Letea, in 1885 the Buhuși pulp factory was established.

During the First World War, heavy battles took place in Oituz, Cașin, Târgu Ocna on the territory of Bacău County, where the Romanian soldiers showed great heroism against the German armies. From a military point of view, in the years 1916-1918, here at the southwestern gates of Moldova, in the current counties of Bacău and Vrancea, the fate of the entire Romanian people was decided (only Bacău county participated with about 30.000 soldiers and officers).

In 1920, 880 factories were operating in the county, including one paper factory, the most modern in the country, and two spirits factories, the most systematic in the country. In 1935, only in the city of Bacău there were 57 industrial units, of which 40 were active and 17 were inactive.

The Second World War had disastrous results on the grocery industry. In August 1944, only 26 small businesses were operating in the county. Between 1950-1975, the thermal power plants from Comănești and Borzești were put into operation, then the hydropower plants from Bistrita downstream. The biggest industrial achievement of the county between 1960-1968 was the Borzești platform, one of the most important pillars of the Romanian chemical industry.

Bacău County located in the Moldova region of Romania is positioned in the eastern part of Romania, on the coordinates of 26º - 27º east longitude and 46º - 30º north latitude. The territory of the county is crossed by the basins of the Siret, Trotuş and Bistrita rivers and includes within it the eastern slope of the Eastern Carpathians in the western part and the Tutovei Hills in the eastern part.

The county has an area of ​​6.603 km², and the main watercourses that cross it are Siret, Bistrița, Trotuș, Tazlău, Berheci, Zeletin.

The main lakes: Bălătău (natural dam), Belci, Poiana Uzului (water supply), Racova, Gârleni, Şerbăneşti and Lilieci (hydropower).

Maximum altitude: Grindușu Peak (M. Tarcău) 1.664 m, peak Nemira 1.648 m, asl. Şandru Mare 1.639 m (M. Nemira).

It borders the following counties: to the east with Vaslui county, to the south with Vrancea county, to the west with Covasna and Harghita counties, and to the north with Neamț county.